English Grammar Revision

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English Grammar Revision

Key points + Practice

The UT1 English paper has two parts: Reading Comprehension and Grammar. This chapter covers the grammar items listed in the test coverage: tenses, adverbs of time and frequency, pronouns and possessives, and parts of speech and sentence patterns.

⏰ 1. Tenses

Simple Present

Use: habits, facts and general truths.

With he / she / it, add -s or -es to the verb: He plays. She watches. It goes.

Negatives and questions use do / does: He does not play. Does she play?

Simple Past

Use: actions completed in the past.

Regular verbs add -ed: play → played; like → liked; study → studied.

Irregular verbs must be learnt: go → went, see → saw, buy → bought, take → took, is → was, are → were.

Negatives and questions use did + base form: He did not play. Did she play?

Present Continuous

Use: something happening now.

Form: am / is / are + verb-ing.

Examples: I am reading. They are playing.

Signal words: now, at the moment, Look!, Listen!

Future Forms

will + base form: for predictions and instant decisions. It will rain tomorrow.

be going to + base form: for plans and things that seem certain. I am going to visit my aunt.

Negatives: will not (won't) / am not, is not, are not going to.

🕒 2. Adverbs of Time and Frequency

Adverbs of frequency, from most to least often:

always → usually → often → sometimes → seldom → never

Position:

1. Before an ordinary verb: She always gets up early.

2. After the verb be: He is never late.

Time expressions and prepositions:

in + months / years / seasons / parts of the day: in July, in 2026, in summer, in the morning

on + days / dates: on Monday, on 1st September

at + clock times: at 7 o'clock, at noon, at night

No preposition: today, tomorrow, yesterday, next week, last month, this morning

🙋 3. Pronouns and Possessives

Subject pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, they

Object pronouns: me, you, him, her, it, us, them

Possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her, its, our, their

Possessive pronouns: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs

Reflexive pronouns: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves

Common mistakes:

✗ Me am a student. → ✓ I am a student. (subject pronoun as subject)

✗ This book is my. → ✓ This book is mine. (possessive pronoun stands alone)

✗ He hurt hisself. → ✓ He hurt himself.

Note the difference between its and it's: its = belonging to it; it's = it is / it has.

🧩 4. Parts of Speech and Sentence Patterns

The eight parts of speech: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction and interjection.

Adjectives describe nouns: a happy boy. Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives or other adverbs: He runs quickly. She is very kind.

Basic sentence patterns:

1. S + V: Birds fly.

2. S + V + O: I like apples.

3. S + V + C: She is happy.

4. S + V + IO + DO: Dad gave me a pen.

5. S + V + O + C: They made him captain.

Commonly tested: telling subject from predicate, identifying parts of speech, and spotting the missing part of a sentence.

📝 例題

例題 1：Choose the correct answer: My sister ___ (watch) television every evening.

例題 2：Choose the correct answer: Look! The children ___ (play) in the park.

例題 3：Rewrite using the correct pronoun: This bag belongs to Mary. It is ___ bag.

✏️ 練習 → 📕 錯題重練

🔊 語音由 AI 生成（Microsoft Edge 神經語音，英式英語），僅供學習參考。